Arizona Esthetics State Board Practice Exam

What is the chemical process by which cells receive nutrients for growth and reproduction?

1. Respiration

2. Photosynthesis

3. Metabolism

4. Digestion

The correct answer is: Metabolism

Metabolism is the correct answer because it encompasses all the biochemical processes that occur within cells to convert nutrients into energy, which is essential for growth, reproduction, and maintaining cellular functions. Metabolism includes two main components: catabolism, which breaks down nutrients to release energy, and anabolism, which utilizes that energy to synthesize necessary cellular components and molecules. This intricate system is vital for living organisms as it not only facilitates energy production but also enables cells to build and repair tissues, synthesize hormones and enzymes, and perform other critical functions necessary for life. Understanding metabolism helps clarify how living organisms maintain their structure and integrity through the continuous transformation of energy and matter.